The aim of this guidance material is to provide States with advice and practical information on implementing a Balanced Approach to noise management. The Balanced Approach, which was adopted by the ICAO Assembly in 2001, encompasses four principal elements: reduction of noise at source, land-use planning and management, noise abatement operational procedures and operating restrictions on aircraft. This guidance material describes some of the measures available under each element, their interrelationship, and the tools that might be used to assess and compare their costs and benefits.

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