Name: Circular 299. Издание 1. The World of Civil Aviation, 2002-2005
Brand: International Civil Aviation Organization
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Circular 299. Издание 1

Документ обновлён на дату:01.01.2003

The World of Civil Aviation, 2002-2005

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Published in separate English, Arabic, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the International Civil Aviation Organization. All correspondence, except orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to the Secretary General. Orders should be sent to one of the following addresses, together with the appropriate remittance by bank draft, cheque or money order in U.S. dollars or the currency of the country in which the order is placed. Credit card orders American Express, Mastercard and Visa are accepted at ICAO Headquarters. International Civil Aviation Organization. Attention Document Sales Unit 999 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 Telephone 1 514 954-8022 Facsimile 1 514 954-6769 Sitatex YULADYA E-mail salesicao.int Egypt. ICAO Regional Director, Middle East Office, Egyptian Civil Aviation Complex, Cairo Airport Road, Heliopolis, Cairo 11776 Telephone 20 2 267-4840 Facsimile 20 2 267-4843 Sitatex CAICAYA France. Directeur rCgional de I'OACI, Bureau Europe et Atlantique Nord, 3 bis, villa fimile-ererat, 92522 Neuilly-sur-Seine Cedex TClCphone 33 1 46 41 85 85 Fax 33 1 46 41 85 00 Sitatex PAREUYA India. Oxford Book and Stationery Co., Scindia House, New Delhi 110001 or 17 Park Street, Calcutta 700016 Telephone 91 1 1 331-5896 Facsimile 91 1 1 332-2639 Japan. Japan Civil Aviation Promotion Foundation, 15-12, 1-chome, Toranomon, Minato-Ku, Tokyo Telephone 81 3 3503-2686 Facsimile 81 3 3503-2689 Kenya. ICAO Regional Director, Eastern and Southern African Office, United Nations Accommodation, P.O. Box 46294, Nairobi Telephone 254 20 622 39516 Facsimile 254 20 623028 1 254 20 520135 Sitatex NBOCAYA Mexico. Director Regional de la OACI, Oficina NorteamCrica, CentroamCrica y Caribe, Av. Presidente Masaryk No. 29, 3er. Piso, Col. Chapultepec Morales, C.P. 11570, MCxico D.F. Telkfono 52 55 52 50 32 11 Facsimile 52 55 52 03 27 57 Nigeria. Landover Company, P.O. Box 3165, Ikeja, Lagos Telephone 234 1 4979780 Facsimile 234 1 4979788 Sitatex LOSLORK Peru. Director Regional de la OACI, Oficina SudamCrica, Apartado 4127, Lima 100 Teltfono 51 1 302260 Facsimile 51 1 640393 Sitatex LIMCAYA Russian Federation. Aviaizdat, 48, 1. Franko Street, Moscow 121351 Telephone 7 095 417-0405 Facsimile 7 095 417-0254 Senegal. Directeur rCgional de I'OACI, Bureau Afrique occidentale et centrale, Boite postale 2356, Dakar TtlCphone 221 8-23-54-52 Fax 221 8-23-69-26 Sitatex DKRCAYA Slovakia. Air Traffic Services of the Slovak Republic, Letovt prevMzkovC sluzby Slovenskej Republiky, State Enterprise, Letisko M.R. Stefinika, 823 07 Bratislava 21, Slovak Republic Telephone 421 7 4857 11 11 Facsimile 421 7 4857 2105 South Africa. Avex Air Training Pty Ltd., Private Bag X102, Halfway House, 1685, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa Telephone 27 1 1 315-0003/4 Facsimile 27 1 1 805-3649 E-mail avex9iafrica.com Spain. A.E.N.A. - Aeropuertos Espaiioles y Navegaci6n Atrea, Calle Juan Ignacio Luca de Tena, 14, Planta Tercera, Despacho 3. 11, 28027 Madrid TelCfono 34 91 321-3148 Facsimile 34 91 321-3157 Correo-e sscc.ventasoaciaena.es Thailand. ICAO Regional Director, Asia and Pacific Office, P.O. Box 11, Samyaek Ladprao, Bangkok 10901 Telephone 66 2 537-8189 Facsimile 66 2 537-8199 Sitatex BKKCAYA United Kingdom. Airplan Flight Equipment Ltd. AFE, la Ringway Trading Estate, Shadowmoss Road, Manchester M22 5LH Telephone 44 161 499 0023 Facsimile 44 161 499 0298 E-mail enquiriesafeonline.com World Wide Web http//www.afeonline.com Catalogue of ICAO Publications and Audio-visual Training Aids Issued annually, the Catalogue lists all publications and audio-visual training aids currently available. Monthly supplements announce new publications and audio-visual training aids, amendments, supplements, reprints, etc. Available free from the Document Sales Unit, ICAO.

HIGHLIGHTSDURING 2002 ...The world economy continued its slow recovery The worlds Gross Domestic Product GDP grew by an estimated 3 per cent in real terms. On a regional basis the change in GDP ranged from an estimated increase of 4.8 per cent for Asia/Pacific to no growth for Latin America and the Caribbean Chapters 1, 5 and 6. as airline traffic performance was patchy...Total scheduled passenger/freight/mail tonne-kilometres performed increased at a 1.6 per cent rate. Significant differences prevailed among regions with growth ranging from -4.8 per cent for carriers based in Africa to 12.6 per cent for those in the Middle East albeit from a low base. After the steep 2001 decline, global passenger traffic grew at just 0.4 per cent in terms of total passenger-kilometres performed, again masking differences among regions Chapters 2, 5 and6.... and airline operating results continued to sufferPreliminary estimates indicate that the worlds scheduled airlines suffered an aggregate operating loss of 2.3 per cent of their total operating revenues, following an operating loss of 3.8 per cent in 2001 Chapters 2, 5 and 6. while aircraft orders were stalled.A total of 497 turbo-jet powered aircraft were ordered, compared to 990 in 2001 and 1 553 in 2000. The financial commitment for these aircraft orders with major aircraft manufacturers is estimated at U.S.40 billion in 2002, down from 69 billion and 80 billion the previous two years Chapter 2.Bilateral and regional developments supported liberalization of air transport services.Bilateral agreements remained the primary vehicles for liberalization of international air transport services for most States, though now with a substantial overlay of regional and plurilateral liberalization arrangements Chapter 2.

IIHIGHLIGHTSPrivatization of airlines slowed...Action taken towards privatization included five airlines achieving their goals, another four airlines announcing their objectives and some 40 State-owned carriers continuing preparation Chapter 2....as airline alliances continued to expand.Airlines continued to expand transnational strategic alliances to achieve enhanced market access and synergies Chapter 2.Low-cost carriers were challenging the full service network of major airlines and...The traditional business model of the full service airline came under scrutiny, particularly for airlines with global reach, and spawned experimentation to remain competitive with low-cost carriers Chapter 2....e-commerce development was transforming airline product distribution.Airline distribution business and channels continued to be restructured. Rapid growth has been experienced in on-line sales of air transport services via the Internet, both through third-party providers and directly to consumers and other businesses Chapter 2.Airports and air navigation services providers incurred revenue losses ... The slow recovery of air traffic placed financial constraints on airports and air navigation services providers Chapter 3.... and developed cooperative strategiesAirports continued to pursue cooperative strategies or alliances among themselves Chapter 3. while construction projects progressed.Major airport expansion projects were underway in all regions with Europe, Asia and North America leading in airport projects completed, under construction or projected Chapter 3.Implementation of CNS/ATM systems components continued to yield early benefits.Continued implementation of satellite-based communications, navigation and surveillance/air traffic management systems led to more efficient airspace utilization for international civil aviation. Air traffic service systems around the world continued to be upgraded as part of an evolving seamless global air traffic management system Chapter 3.

HIGHLIGHTSIIISafety remained a top priority Preliminary information on aircraft accidents involving passenger fatalities in scheduled air services worldwide shows 14 aircraft accidents in 2002 involving 791 passenger fatalities compared to 13 accidents involving 577 passenger fatalities in 2001. The number of passenger fatalities per 100 million passenger-kilometres increased from 0.020 in 2001 to 0.025 in 2002. By year-end, aviation administrations in 180 out of 188 ICAO Contracting States and five territories had been assessed through the ICAO Universal Safety Oversight Audit Programme Chapter 4. and there was a greatly increased focus on security.Twenty-two acts of unlawful interference were recorded in 2002, including two acts of unlawful seizure of aircraft, compared to seven in 2001, and eight facility attacks. The decrease in the number of unlawful seizures of aircraft could be attributed to enhanced global aviation security measures in place following the events of 11 September 2001 in the United States Chapter 4.A mechanism of war risk insurance for third-party liability was established.The ICAO Council approved the establishment of an international mechanism of war risk insurance coverage for third-party liability Chapter 4.States continued to deal with environmental problems associated with aviation, including aircraft noise ...European legislators adopted rules and procedures regarding the introduction of noise-related operating restrictions at community airports, taking into account the balanced approach to aircraft noise management adopted by the ICAO Assembly in 2001 Chapter 4....and the impact of aircraft engine emissions.Working through ICAO, developed countries continued to study policy options to limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation, including both technical solutions and the application of market-based measures Chapter 4.

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